雅思閱讀：冰封千年的低語─挪威融冰下的秘密

每次讀雅思的閱讀，都大大了滿足我的好奇心，這次看的是冰封挪威冰層底下的秘密，先來看看文章中出現B2等級以上的單字有哪些：
​

1. retreat (v.) — 撤退，退卻
2. reveal (v.) — 顯示，揭露
3. vanish (v.) — 消失
4. artefact (n.) — 人工製品，手工藝品（尤指歷史遺物）
5. decay (v.) — 腐爛，衰敗
6. persistence (n.) — 堅持不懈，持續存在
7. frost (n.) — 霜凍，嚴寒
8. rot (v.) — 腐敗，腐爛
9. artery (n.) — 動脈；（比喻）交通要道
10. seaborne (adj.) — 海運的，海上運輸的
11. vein (n.) — 靜脈；（比喻）脈絡，通道
12. lock (v.) — 鎖住，固定（此處 metaphor 用法）
13. frozen (adj.) — 冰凍的；凝固的
14. climate (n.) — 氣候
15. survival (n.) — 生存，倖存
16. glacier (n.) — 冰川
17. echo (n.) — 回聲，回響；（比喻）歷史的回音
18. thaw (v.) — 解凍，融化
19. migration (n.) — 遷徙，移動
20. record (n.) — 記錄，檔案

接著，我們一起來看看這篇文章的重點吧

1. 冰雪在退，歷史在說話
As the Ice Retreats, History Speaks

在挪威高山上，冰川正一吋一吋地後退。但這不是結束，而是序幕——從冰封 6,000 年的深處，箭矢、滑雪板和工具正重見天日，彷彿古人的聲音穿越時空而來。
High in Norway’s mountains, ancient glaciers are retreating. But instead of silence, they are revealing a story 6,000 years in the making—arrows, skis, and tools emerging like whispers from the deep freeze.

-
2. 每一樣遺物，都是時間膠囊
Every Artefact Is a Time Capsule

有機物如獸皮與布料極少倖存，唯有極地冰封才能保留它們。一旦解凍，就會消逝如夢。考古學家正與時間賽跑，因為錯過今天，明天它們可能就會被風吹走，或腐爛成塵。
Organic remains like hides and cloth are rare, only surviving in the deep freeze. Once thawed, they vanish quickly. Archaeologists are racing time—what’s found today may be lost to wind or rot tomorrow.

-
3. 打開冰的門鎖，是獵人與商人的足跡
Hunters and Traders Open the Ice’s Lock

Lars Pilo 和 James Barrett 領導的考古隊，在海拔 1,400 公尺以上找到 2,000 多件遺物。這些遺物還原了古人如何跟著馴鹿上山、穿越奧普蘭山徑，把北歐連接到歐洲與中東。
Archaeologists led by Pilo and Barrett found over 2,000 artefacts above 1,400 metres. These were no buried treasures—they were echoes of reindeer hunts, traders crossing Oppland’s mountain passes, and the arteries that once linked Norway to Europe and the Middle East.

-
4. 冰封獵人，竟然逆風而行
The Ice-Age Hunters Who Defied the Cold

你以為天氣變冷，人類就不上山了？錯。在西元 536–600 年的嚴寒期，獵人依然翻山越嶺，為了生存而前行。他們留下的遺物證明了這份堅持。
You’d think people avoided the mountains during icy centuries. But no—the Late Antique Little Ice Age didn’t stop the hunters. The artefacts prove they braved the cold, their persistence frozen in time.

-
5. 當農作失敗，獵人成了英雄
When Crops Failed, Hunters Became Heroes

農作歉收、寒冬來襲，山林變成救命糧倉。狩獵不再是運動，而是求生。每一張獸皮、每一對鹿角，都是對抗饑餓的戰利品。
When crops failed and frost bit the earth, hunting was no longer sport—it was survival. Every pelt, every antler, was part of a cold war against hunger.

-
6. 維京的腳步，不只走水路
The Vikings Walked, Not Just Sailed

從 700–900 年的文物看見，維京人不只是靠船，還透過陸路運輸。大量貨物穿越奧普蘭的山路，把毛皮與鹿角帶往中歐市集。
Artefacts from the Viking Age show that trade wasn’t just seaborne. Goods travelled overland too—through the mountain veins of Oppland. Fur and antlers turned into income. Hunters were in business.

-
7. 消失的年代：一段還沒說完的故事
The Missing Era: A Story Not Yet Told

西元前 3,800 到 2,200 年間，文物記錄幾乎一片空白。是腐壞了，還是仍沉睡在冰層深處？也許未來的幾十年，冰川還會繼續低語。
Between 3,800 and 2,200 BCE, there’s a strange silence in the record. Did artefacts decay? Or are they still locked beneath the ice? Perhaps the glaciers haven’t finished telling their story.